河南省银行考试交流1： 115688647 河南省银行考试交流3：367254450
There have been rumors. There’s been gossip. All Hollywood is shocked to learn that Calista Flockhart, star of Fox’s hit TV show Ally McBeal, is so thin. And we in the media are falling all over ourselves trying to figure out whether Flockhart has an eating disorder, especially now that she has denied it. Well, I’m not playing the game. If the entertainment industry really cared about sending the wrong message on body image, it wouldn’t need so many slender celebrities in the first place.
But the fact remains that 2 million Americans—most of them women and girls—do suffer from eating disorders. In the most extreme cases they literally starve themselves to death. And those who survive are at greater risk of developing brittle bones, life-threatening infections, kidney damage and heart problems. Fortunately, doctors have learned a lot over the past decade about what causes eating disorders and how to treat them.
The numbers are shocking. Approximately 1 in 150 teenage girls in the U. S. falls victim to anorexia nervosa, broadly defined as the refusal to eat enough to maintain even a minimal body weight. Not so clear is how many more suffer from bulimia, in which they binge on food, eating perhaps two or three days’ worth of meals in 30 minutes, then remove the excess by taking medicine to move the bowels or inducing vomiting. Nor does age necessarily protect you. Anorexia has been diagnosed in girls as young as eight. Most deaths from the condition occur in women over 45.
Doctors used to think eating disorders were purely psychological. Now they realize there’s some problematic biology as well. In a study published in the Archives of General Psychiatry recently, researchers found abnormal levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter in the brain, in women who had been free of bulimia for at least a year. That may help explain why drugs have allowed a lot of people to stop swallowing in large doses of food. Unfortunately, the pills don’t work as well for denial of food. Nor do they offer a simple one-stop cure. Health-care workers must re-educate their patients in how to eat and think about food.
How can you tell if someone you love has an eating disorder? “Bulimics will often leave evidence around as if they want to get caught.” Says Tamara Pryor, director of an eating-disorders clinic at the University of Kansas in Wichita. Anorexics, by contrast, are more likely to go through long periods of denial.
1. We can infer from the first paragraph that _____.
[A] the media has mislead the public’s view of celebrities
[B] there is much misunderstanding about eating disorders
[C] body image concerns are an indication of eating disorders
[D] the entertainment industry is combating eating disorders
2. The victims of eating disorders, more often than not, will _____.
[A] starve themselves to death
[B] suffer greatly from the complications
[C] puzzle doctors in the years to come
[D] recover completely with no aftereffects
3. The word “binge” (Line 3, Paragraph 3) most probably means _____.
[A] eat excessively [B] refuse to eat
[C] fail to digest [D] enjoy a good appetite
4. Bulimia is found to be _____.
[A] related to the level of serotonin
[B] psychological rather than biological
[C] identical with anorexia nervosa in the cure
[D] a leading cause of death among middle-aged women
5. The way to find a person with eating disorders _____.
[A] focuses on hidden symptoms
[B] varies with type of the condition
[C] is oriented at the victim’s response
[D] remains perplexing despite efforts made
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.B
1.[精解] 本题考查推理引申。第一段举了一位明星的例子，指出由于她过分消瘦，引起公众怀疑她患有饮食性疾患。由此可推出公众的怀疑是因为该明星对身体形象的过分关注，[C]项正确。该段末句用虚拟语气指出，“如果娱乐业真地担心在身体形象上传达错误的信息……”。言外之意是娱乐业在一定程度上误导了人们有关身体形象的看法。排除 [D]项，[A]项错在celebrity。[B]项无从推知，文章开始出现的rumors和gossip指的是公众对明星是否患病的猜测。
2.[精解] 本题考查事实细节。第二段主要论述了饮食性疾患的危害及治疗情况。由第三句可知，饮食性疾患的幸存者，患各种其他疾病的危险更大。[B]项正确，排除[D]项。由第二句中in the most extreme cases排除[A]项;由末句可知，医生已经掌握了大量关于饮食性疾患的信息，排除[C]项。
3.[精解] 本题考查词义。该词语上文suffer from bulimia暗示它是一种疾病，下文对该词作出了进一步解释：三十分钟内吃掉两三天的饭量。因此[A]项正确。
4.[精解] 本题考查事实细节。由第四段第三句和第四句可知，研究发现复合胺有助于让许多人停止吞食大量的食物，即摆脱暴食症。因此[A]项正确。第三段首句指出，饮食性疾患(包括暴食症)也是生理问题，排除[B]项。第四段第五句指出，(治疗暴食症的)药物对于治疗厌食不起作用。排除[C]项。 [D]项文中未涉及，第三段末句提到，厌食症造成的死亡大多发生在45岁以上的妇女身上。
5.[精解] 本题考查事实细节。第五段指出，暴食症常常会留下证据，而厌食症则更可能会长期地否认。因此[B]项正确。